National Junior Honor Society Essay Samples Helps You With Writing

National Junior Honor Society Essay Samples Helps You With WritingIn many cases, a national junior honor society essay sample will help to enhance your knowledge about writing. What do you know about writing from school? How about from working at home?It is just so amazing how much you learn by just putting pen to paper and living your inner life. However, it is only as good as the way you express yourself in words. A lot of people think that if they can express themselves in sentences, they are ready to earn money. The truth is, there is a big difference between getting money and expressing yourself.All articles are not created equal. There are certain things that you must not miss out, such as plagiarism, grammar, and spelling errors. If you get these three wrong, your article will be rejected.A scholarship essay is not an easy task, but if you are really serious about writing, you can do it. But first, you have to improve your skill set. You do not have to write so many paragraphs . Make each paragraph section shorter and focus on one or two important points.As you start, choose a topic that interests you. Pick one you are knowledgeable about and write about it. Then write what you know about that topic. This is the best time to practice how to talk about something. It is also the best time to research.Online essay writers offer some great writing services, so be sure to look into them. Find the site that offers free samples. If you are not satisfied with the first few samples, you can always try another. Most sites offer a sample first, then give the author a credit to purchase a full set of samples.Your writer's skills may not be great when you were in school, but there is no need to worry. This is the most competitive field in this world today and no one knows everything. This means that you will have to continuously improve your skills. Stay focused, stay positive, and you will excel at your career.

Killer Whale (Orca) Facts

With their striking black and white markings and prevalence at marine parks, the killer whale, also known as the orca or Orcinus orca, is probably one of the most easily-recognized cetacean species. The largest of the dolphin species, orcas live in oceans and seas around the world and can grow to 32 feet long and weigh up to six tons. The name killer whale originated with whalers, who called the species whale killer because of its tendency to prey on whales along with other species such as pinnipeds and fish. Over time, perhaps because of the whales tenacity and ferocity in hunting, the name was switched to killer whale. Fast Facts: Killer Whales (Orcas) Scientific Name: Orcinus orcaCommon Name(s): Killer whale, orca, blackfish, grampusBasic Animal Group:  Mammal  Ã‚  Size:16–26 feetWeight: 3–6 tonsLifespan: 29–60 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  All oceans and most seas with a preference for northern latitudesPopulation:  50,000Conservation  Status:  Data Deficient Description Killer whales, or orcas, are the largest member of the Delphinidae—the family of cetaceans known as the dolphins. Dolphins are a type of toothed whale, and members of the Delphinidae family share several characteristics—they have cone-shaped teeth, streamlined bodies, a pronounced beak (which is less pronounced in orcas), and one blowhole, rather than the two blowholes found in baleen whales. Male killer whales can grow to a maximum length of 32 feet, while females can grow to 27 feet in length. Males weigh up to six tons while females can weigh as little as three tons. An identifying characteristic of killer whales is their tall, dark dorsal fin, which is much larger in males—a males dorsal fin can reach a height of six feet, while a females dorsal fin can reach a maximum height of about three feet. Males also have larger pectoral fins and tail flukes. All killer whales have teeth on both their top and bottom jaws—48 to 52 teeth in total. These teeth can be up to 4 inches long. Although toothed whales have teeth, they dont chew their food—they use their teeth for capturing and tearing food. Young killers whales get their first teeth at 2 to 4 months of age. Researchers identify individual killer whales by the size and shape of their dorsal fins, the shape of the saddle-shaped, light patch behind the dorsal fin, and marks or scars on their dorsal fins or bodies. Identifying and cataloging whales based on natural markings and characteristics is a type of research called photo-identification. Photo-identification allows researchers to learn about the life histories, distribution, and behavior of individual whales, and more about species behavior and abundance as a whole.   wildestanimal/Getty Images Habitat and Range Killer whales are often described as the most cosmopolitan of all cetaceans. They can be found in all oceans of the world, and not just in the open ocean—near shore, at the entrance to rivers, in semi-enclosed seas, near the equator, and in polar regions covered with ice. In the United States, orcas are most commonly found in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Diet Killer whales are at the top of the food chain and have very diverse diets, feasting on fish, penguins, and marine mammals such as seals, sea lions, and even whales, employing teeth that can be four inches long. They are known to grab seals right off the ice. They also eat fish, squid, and seabirds. Gerard Soury/Getty Images Behavior Killer whales may work in pods to hunt their prey and have a number of interesting techniques to hunt prey, which includes working together to create waves to wash seals off ice floes and sliding onto beaches to capture prey. Killer whales use a variety of sounds for communicating, socializing and finding prey. These sounds include clicks, pulsed calls, and whistles. Their sounds are in the range of 0.1 kHz to about 40 kHz. Clicks are primarily used for echolocation, although they may also be used for communication. The pulsed calls of killer whales sound like squeaks and squawks and appear to be used for communication and socialization. They can produce sounds very rapidly—at a rate of up to 5,000 clicks per second. You can hear killer whale calls here on the Discovery of Sound in the Sea website. Different populations of killer whales make different vocalizations, and different pods within these populations may even have their own ​dialect. Some researchers can distinguish individual pods, and even matrilines (the line of relationship that can be traced from one mother to her offspring), just by their ​calls. Danita Delimont/Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Killer whales reproduce slowly: Mothers give birth to a single baby about every three to 10 years, and pregnancy lasts for 17 months. Babies nurse for up to two years. Adult orcas generally help mothers to care for their young. While young orcas may separate from their birth pod as adults, many stay with the same pod throughout their lives. Male and female orcas. Kerstin Meyer / Getty Images Threats Orcas, like other cetaceans, are threatened by a range of human activities including noise, hunting, and habitat disturbance. Other threats faced by killer whales include pollution (orcas can carry chemicals such as PCBs, DDTs and flame retardants that can affect the immune and reproductive systems), ship strikes, reduction of prey due to overfishing, and loss of habitat, entanglement, ship strikes, irresponsible whale watching, and noise in the habitat, which can affect the ability to communicate and find prey. Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature had, for years, described orcas a conservation dependent. They changed that assessment to data deficient in 2008 to recognize the probability that different species of killer whales experience different levels of threat. Species Killer whales were long considered one species—Orcinus orca, but now it appears that there are several species (or at least, subspecies—researchers are still figuring this out) of orcas. As researchers learn more about orcas, they have proposed separating the whales into different species or subspecies based on genetics, diet, size, vocalizations, location and physical appearance. In the Southern Hemisphere, proposed species include those referred to as Type A (Antarctic), large type B (pack ice killer whale), small Type B (Gerlache killer whale), Type C (Ross Sea killer whale), and Type D (Subantarctic killer whale). In the Northern Hemisphere, proposed types include resident killer whales, Biggs (transient) killer whales, offshore killer whales, and Type 1 and 2 Eastern North Atlantic killer whales.   Determining species of killer whales is important not only in gaining information about the whales but in protecting them—it is difficult to determine the abundance of killer whales without even knowing how many species there are. Killer Whales and Humans According to Whale and Dolphin Conservation, there were 45 killer whales in captivity as of April 2013. Due to protection in the U.S. and restrictions on trade, most parks now obtain their killer whales from captive breeding programs. This practice has even been controversial enough that SeaWorld stated in 2016 that it would stop breeding orcas.  While the viewing of captive orcas has likely inspired thousands of budding marine biologists and helped scientists learn more about the species, it is a controversial practice due to the potential effects on the whales health and ability to socialize naturally. Sources â€Å"Orcas: Killer Whales Are the Larges Dolphin Species.†Ã‚  Orcas (Killer Whales): Facts and Information, 25 Mar. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/o/orca/.NOAA. â€Å"Killer Whale.†Ã‚  NOAA Fisheries, www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/killer-whale.â€Å"Orca.†Ã‚  National Wildlife Federation, www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Mammals/Orca.

Essay on DISCRIMINATION - 715 Words

Although I had always thought that I could never be discriminated for any reason, two years ago I felt discriminated. One Friday, while working in a large corporation in the administrative department, the president of the corporation organized a meeting for the administrative and accounting departments. The president of the company mentioned that the accounting department was opening a new position as Junior Controller Management. Moreover, he said that there were only two candidates who were postulated for it. I knew I was one of them. In fact, most of my co-workers started talking about it and all were claiming me as the winner. I was extremely happy. But, I wanted to wait for the real nomination that was going to take place the†¦show more content†¦For instance, women only care to get married and have children. I explained to them that it was not my case. Yet, the decision was already taken and all of the executive members agreed that giving the position to a male gender was the right choice. At that moment, I was almost paralyzed. I could not believe what I was living. I kept asking myself that the United States was a free country and all its citizens have the same rights of freedom and equality. Not only I felt totally frustrated and disillusioned because I did not get the promotion, but also because I understood that it was not fair what this people were doing with me. In fact, I realized that I was a vivid example of one or maybe two types of discrimination factors such as gender and age. I could not accept the fact that I was discriminated for being a young woman, and not because of my competency for the position. My reaction to this episode was not smart. Although once I thought about the idea of suing the company for discrimination, later I though it was ridiculous because I knew that I was going to waste time, money and I was not ready for something like that. Today, I think differently. I regret for not suing them. From that moment and on, I decided to start looking for another job because I acknowledged that it was impossible to think about getting promoted to a high level position in that company. It has been almost one year, and I still remember the conversation that I had with those men, who wereShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1161 Words   |  5 PagesDiscrimination in U.S.A Introduction This term is utilized to highlight the contrast in treatment between individuals from diverse groups when one group is purposefully treated†¦ 1. Gender Discrimination †¢ Although gender discrimination has decreased a lot as compared to past but still the situation is far from ideal†¦ †¢ Several institutions are reluctant to give important and commanding posts to women†¦ †¢ Gender discrimination is also evident in social life of America†¦ 2. Religious DiscriminationRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1169 Words   |  5 PagesII 10/5/2017 Discrimination Of People in the Workplace Does Discrimination still exist in the work environment? You bet. This paper focuses on discrimination laws that help women and men, who are treated differently because of their sexuality, race, religion and gender identity. Federal and State laws forbid discrimination against race, religion, sexual orientation, sex, and gender identity even though it still happens to many people. (Employment Law Handbook. (n.d.).) Discrimination Laws OrganizationsRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1626 Words   |  7 PagesDiscrimination is the concept of treating someone unfairly due to a specific prejudice you have toward them, as stated by Pincus (2006) on distinguishing the two â€Å"prejudice is what people think and discrimination is what people do†[1] thus to discriminate a child would be to act upon your feeling toward them. Within practice this could be shown through singling out a child due to their race, religion, disability and/or gender etc., such behaviours are not condoned nor allowed within the educationRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1513 Words   |  7 PagesDiscrimination In today s lesson, you will be learning about discrimination. First off, you have 30 seconds to think of any reasons why discrimination may occur: Write your answers the text box below: Discrimination: Occurs when a person is subject to unfair treatment, based upon a characteristic that is considered to be abnormal, in association with certain individuals or groups, lifestyle choices, or a personal circumstance that is not desired in the workplace. What laws cover non-discriminationRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination947 Words   |  4 Pages Discrimination is an action or practice that excludes disadvantages or merely differentiates between individuals on the basis of some ascribed or perceived trait. Discrimination can be caused by stereotyping and prejudice. Stereotyping is a widely fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person. Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on a reason or an actual experience. Some groups that are more likely to be discriminated against are; women, ethnic minoritiesRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination821 Words   |  4 Pages Discrimination is typically defined as the practice of treating a person differently from other people or groups of people. In terms of economics, discrimination occurs when people with similar economic characteristics, experience different economic outcomes due to their race, sex or other noneconomic attributes. For instance, a black worker whose skills and experience is identical to those of a white worker but receives a much lower wage is a victim of discrimination. A country will not be operatingRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination is an ongoing issue that many individuals experience daily. It affects a numerous amount of diverse beings in a multitude of circumstances and locations. One’s race is not the only presiding factor in being victim to discrimination, often times it can be an individual’s gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, personal values, and cultural background. Discrimination is not just about being discriminated against but sometimes it can be an unintentional maltreatment of one differentRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pagesis referred to as discrimination. Discrimination can be based on many different characteristics age, gender, weight, ethnicity, religion, or even politics. For example, prejudice and discrimination ba sed on race is called racism. Oftentimes, gender prejudice or discrimination is referred to as sexism. Discrimination is often the outcome of prejudice pre-formed negative judgment or attitude. Prejudice leads people to view certain individuals or groups as inferior. Discrimination refers to the arbitraryRead MoreDiscrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1788 Words   |  8 PagesDiscrimination has played a role in humanity from the beginnings of human existence to the modern societies of today. Every individual has experienced an act of discrimination at some point; yet, most questions surrounding this fundamental human flaw remain unanswered. One belief that has overwhelming support is the fact that discrimination can lead to significant negative effects. These effects mediate how an individual is able or unable to deal with discrimination. Thus, the discussion of discriminationRead MoreDiscrimination, Discrimination And Discrimination Essay2406 Words   |  10 PagesUnfortunately, discrimination has been occurring in America for hundreds of years. Evidence proves this when the European settlers began colonizing America and making the Native American people their slaves. It didn’t stop there, discrimination and racism was e ven more apparent when the Jim Crow Laws were passed. The Jim Crow Laws enforced segregation between the whites and the African Americans. For years, the unlucky Americans of all races, colors, and sexual orientation have endured discrimination at some

Change Effort Competition and Survive

Question: Discuss about theChange Effort for Competition and Survive. Answer: Introduction: Every business hopes to run in the long race of competition and survive it. But that is only possible if it bring changes in the organisation at least once during its lifetime. These change efforts can be determined under many headings like reengineering, restructuring, total quality management, turnarounds, and cultural change. For this the organisation needs to have the change effort introduced in the business which will make it more coping with the challenges of the business (Guo and Wang, 2015). These changes prove to be successful in some cases and an utter failure for some. But most of them fall towards failure side. IBM has conducted a study on the companies who failed in the change effort process and the reason behind their failure. In this essay, the reasons and the nature of change effort failure along with the recommendations to bring success in change effort are discussed (Howsawi et al., 2014). Each organisation planning to introduce changes in their organisation first plans a strategy and then implements the changes required by the organisation. Still, there are many examples of organisations that failed in the attempt of bringing change in their organisation. The various reasons for a failure of effort change are explored here. The first reason is lack of communication or failure of management to communicate exactly what are the changes and how they are supposed to look like. Incomplete knowledge or information will never give the desired result to the organisation. The second reason is a part of communication. People having different agendas may take the communicated message regarding the change in their own way. Hence, the effort required for the change is also as per their understanding. Some employees may feel threatened by the change, or the change may affect their ego or self-interest. Some may feel that they are totally alienated from the change. This may again act as a hindrance for the successful outcome of the change effort (Johnson, 2011). The third reason for the failure of change effort can be insensitivity. Many people cannot accept change easily. The ultimate aim of an organisation is to earn a profit and for that changes becomes necessary but the employees of an organisation may like the change or not, and that depends on person to person. Fourthly, it is managements duty to create an atmosphere so that employees can easily adjust to the changes, but most of the time organisations management fails to do that. This makes people feel alienated, and they do not perform the way they are expected to (Klein, 2016). The next reason for the failure of change effort is the poor planning. Changing directions of an organisations working process require foresight. If any changes are done in an organisation without proper planning, then the result is eventually failure. The sixth reason for the failure can be a lack of commitment. Introducing cha nge in an organisation requires hundred percent commitment from the management as well as from the employees for making it a success. Finally, the success of a change requires proper processes, which is necessary for the implementation of the change. Therefore, if the process is poor, then the result will also be poor (Pieterse, Caniels and Homan, 2012). Few examples of the failure of change effort are discussed here. A company called Borders founded in 1971 by Tom and Louis Border was the biggest bookseller in the 1990s. The company was on its top when it took some missteps (Newby, 2010). The company planned an aggressive expansion of the companys retail footprints which left it with long-term leases that later took the company to bankruptcy. Second, the change in the sales channel to internet sales through a deal with Amazon, and through their own website which came much later in the picture. Next, it decided to support an e-reader Kobo but were not able to give sufficient support. All this unplanned and badly processed decisions of Borders led the company to total bankruptcy, which also did not help it a lot (Johnson, 2011). Another example of the change effort failure is of a well-known company Kodak. Kodak was founded in 1888; soon it created a monopoly in the camera and film developing market. To continue the monopoly in the ma rket, Kodak has to consider changes as the time progressed. It didnt adopt the changes at the right time. In 1990, when Polaroid was taking a huge gain in the market, Kodak also decided to change its strategy and entered the instant photography market. This proved to be the wrong change that the company decided to make. The Polaroid Company sued the Kodak for stealing their technology and selling it in their own name. It also becomes unattached with its customers and smaller companies took over the market and Kodak came to an end (Pandit, 2014). Leavitt offered a new theory for the success of the change efforts in an organisation. This theory was known as the change diamond that was a combination of four different interactive components of an organisation. According to Leavitts theory, the four components that are people, structure, task, and technology determine the fate of an organisation regarding the change effort. He says that if there is any change in any one component then all the other components will also be affected. Thus, if any one component is changed then all the other components are also needed to be tweaked to adjust as per the change (Lunenburg, 2012). According to the change diamond the employees are the people of an organisation. Their skills, efficiency, knowledge, and productivity, are considered as their main initiative. If there is a change in the task, then training the employees becomes necessary to make them familiar with the change. If their job structure is getting changed, then proper information about new responsibilities and duties should be conveyed to them. In the same way, if any, changes are being brought up in the technology, and then an extensive training is required so that the employees can efficiently handle the new technology (Hornstein, 2015). A task in an organisation refers to the achievement of the goals of the organisation and by doing that these goals are being achieved. The focus should be on the qualitative aspects of the goals and tasks. If there is a change in the man power, then the task and goals should also be redefined so that an organisation could use the skills and knowledge of its people to the optimum. Change in hierarchy structure requires a change in the tasks and goals. If there is a split or merge of a department, then the company cannot continue with the same goals and task. Introducing a new technology also requires a change in tasks and goals to cover the cost of the new technology (Edmondson, 2011). The structure of an organisation includes the hierarchy, communication pattern, and coordination in all the levels of an organisation. Also, the flow of authority is also included in the structure. If more skilled and qualified manpower is being hired in an organisation, then the hierarchical needs will also change. There will be less amount of supervision required. If a company changes their set of goals, for example, a new customer support department will be required in an organisation if they change their retail department to customer centric. This will bring a change in the structure of the company. When a company introduces a new technology like computerisation or automation, then requirement new staff may be required, and old post may need to be closed (Decker and Durand, 2016). Technology is the component that helps people in performing their tasks easily. LAN lines, computers, software applications, etc. all come under technology. If there is a change in the other components of the Leavitts diamond, then technology also has to be changed. Like, if a company is hiring a computer expert then the company also has to provide a computer to use its skills up to the maximum limit. If a company is going computerised then, the tasks and goals will also change as different processes need to be added in the tasks. The technology reduces the workload of a man. Thus, the requirement of manpower also decreases. But, advance technology needs advance technicians to run them, which opens new posts in the company. Thus, this leads to a change in the hierarchy of the company (Grills et al., 2016). For the success of the change effort, it becomes necessary for the organisation to make sure that all the components of the organisation are getting the right amount of focus, and planning. If they all are in sync with the change, then only change effort can lead to success of the organisation (Grills et al., 2016). An organisation has an ultimate goal that is to earn a profit, but with the changing demands, and an introduction of new technologies by the competitors it becomes necessary for the organisation to adopt and introduce changes. IBMs study regarding the failure of change efforts and its reason is a good step towards the success of the change effort, as the future of the organisation lies in the change. It becomes very necessary for an organisation to adopt changes at the right time and also in the right way that it helps the company to grow and claim its market share in the industry better than before. It is true that the failure ratio is a bit high, than the success ratio when an organisation goes for the change effort. But if an organisation plans and then follows the plan according to the organisational demand then it will definitely lead to success of the company. Hence, it can be concluded that for the successful change effort all the different components of the organisation are n eed to be focused (Guo and Wang, 2015). References Grills, N., Varghese, J., Hughes, N., Jolly, T. and Kumar, R. (2016). The success of the Uttarakhand Cluster: a case study of organisational change towards disability inclusive development.BMC Health Services Research, 16(1). Guo, Y. and Wang, C. (2015). Effects of organisational culture on post-implementation success of ERP systems: a case study.International Journal of Information Systems and Change Management, 7(3), p.203. Howsawi, E., Eager, D., Bagia, R. and Niebecker, K. (2014). The four-level project success framework: application and assessment.Organisational Project Management, 1(1), p.1. Johnson, D. (2011).2 Big Companies That Missed The Opportunity To Adapt To New Technology. [online] Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/overcome-by-change-the-failure-of-two-companies-to-seize-the-initiative-and-master-oncoming-change-2011-11?IR=T [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Klein, L. (2016). Exploring the Organisational Collage of Memetic Paradigms for (a) Change A Research Note.Journal of Organisational Transformation Social Change, 13(1), pp.54-63. Newby, P. (2010). Accuracy, error, uncertainty-and thanks and organisational change.The Photogrammetric Record, 25(130), pp.101-104. Pandit, B. (2014).10 Businesses That Failed to Adapt. [online] Business Pundit. Available at: https://www.businesspundit.com/10-businesses-that-failed-to-adapt/3/ [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Decker, and Durand, (2016).Predicting Implementation Failure in Organization Change. [online] www.questia.com. Available at: https://Predicting Implementation Failure in Organization Change [Accessed 16 Aug. 2016]. Edmondson, A. (2011).Strategies for Learning from Failure. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2011/04/strategies-for-learning-from-failure [Accessed 16 Aug. 2016]. Hornstein, H. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity.International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), pp.291-298. Lunenburg, F. (2012).Approaches to Managing Organizational Change. [online] https://www.nationalforum.com/. Available at: https://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Lunenburg,%20Fred%20C%20Approaches%20to%20Managing %20Organizational%20Change%20IJSAID%20v12%20n1%202010.pdf [Accessed 16 Aug. 2016]. Pieterse, J., Caniels, M. and Homan, T. (2012). Professional discourses and resistance to change.Journal of OrgChange Mgmt, 25(6), pp.798-818.

The San Francisco 1989 Earthquake Essay Example For Students

The San Francisco 1989 Earthquake Essay The Loma Prieta EarthquakeOn Tuesday October 17, 1989 at 5:04 PM the Loma Prieta earthquake struck the San Francisco, Monterey Bay, and Silicon Valley areas. Those were no the only areas affected. Many areas up to 70 and 100 miles away could feel the tremble of the quake. The epicenter of the quake was in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The quake measured a magnitude of 7.1. The initial quake lasted 15 seconds. The USGS first thought the magnitude of the quake would be about 6.9 but it increased to 7.1. The quake destroyed many buildings and freeways. A section of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge collapsed. The power was out in many places and the telephone lines were out also. This was the first time the power had been out since the 1906 earthquake. The earthquake killed 68 people and injured 3,757 people. The cost of the quake was estimated at $6 to $7 billion dollars. The quake happened during the 1989 World Series. The San Francisco Giants were playing the Oakland Athletics. The match up was called the Bay Bridge World Series. The game was postponed for a month. They were playing at Candlestick Park. We will write a custom essay on The San Francisco 1989 Earthquake specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Airports were closed for inspection or repairs. Ceiling Tiles and broken glass were the main reason for the airports being closed. After a while the airports reopened and some local pilots helped fly emergency supplies to airports near the seriously damaged and in need areas. Roads were jammed with cars trying to get home or trying to get out of the earthquake area. The news media were desperate to get time on a satellite to broadcast their story to the rest of the world. People say that the media made the damaged areas look worse than they really were because they only focused on the bad areas and they got cities mixed up. Most people away from the center of the quake were only inconvenienced by the quake. They only had broken windows or broken pools. The insides of these peoples houses were a wreck. These people quickly recovered from the quake. The people closer to the center of the quake were not so fortunate. Some of these people lost all their belongings including their house. These people wouldnt get things back together for months or maybe even years. Damage and loss of life were reduced because of Californias strict building codes which required buildings to be strong enough to survive even larger quakes. Having the public educated in earthquake readiness helped a lot. The people knew how to react in a quake and how to save their own life and the lives of others. The fires that broke out after the initial quake were of even worse threat. There were at least 27 fires that broke out across the city. The citizens formed a bucket brigade to help the firefighters who were without water because of water main brakes. The fires were disastrous they burned down apartment buildings, shops and even the fire chiefs house in one city. Some people went looting in the downtown areas. The District Attorney said, If there is anyone arrested tonight for burglary or looting, tomorrow morning we are going to go into court and demand that there is no bail. Anyone engaged in that kind of conduct can expect maximum sentences. Some people were arrested for looting and they were severely penalized. The earthquake didnt only cause trouble for the San Francisco Bay area. It caused a four-foot tsunami wave in Monterey Bay as well as a huge undersea landslide. The sea level in Santa Cruz dropped three feet. The wave took 20 minuets to reach Monterey. .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .postImageUrl , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:hover , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:visited , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:active { border:0!important; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:active , .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf18eb1e72418b3f91a95bf65f3b48e8b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Voltaire EssayVice President Dan Quayle and his wife flew to San Diego to see the damage. The spent four hours there and didnt even make contact with the may who had been awake since the quake started. The mayor called the visit a cheap publicity stunt Our Vice President Al Gore did the same thing when he came to Cincinnati during our flood. Mr. Gore took his shoes and socks off and put his foot in the Ohio River. What was the point of that. Mr. Quayle said this after touring the area, Just walking through here and seeing the loss of property, knowing the loss of life, it hits you right here in the heart, and that is the reason Im here. Many people and companies and the Government helped the damaged city. They helped my donating food, supplies, the government signed a $3.45 billion earthquake relief package for California, railroad companies helped transport needed materials for repairing the freeways, people donated their time, construction companies helped rebuild buildings, companies all over the country donated the needed materials to rebuild the cities, and other countries donated doctors, geologists, and supplies. Bibliographyfor theLoma PrietaReportI got all my information from the Internet and the packet that the school got off the Internet. I didnt write down the web page addresses, but I do have the names of some of the pages.. KRON Online television Quake of 89 http://www.kron.com/specials/quake89/WWW Hot Topic: 5 years Ago: Loma Prieta EarthquakeThe Great Loma Prieta EarthquakeEarthquakes: Eyewitness accountsSeismological Society of AmericaUSGS United States Geological SurveyEQEABAGThose are the names and abbreviations of the sites and companies that I received information from. FACTS PAGEFacts about the Loma Prieta EarthquakeDate of Quake:October 17, 1989Time:5:04pmMagnitude:7.1Deaths:68Injuries:3,757Homes Damaged:23,408Homes Destroyed:1,018Businesses Damaged:3,530Business Destroyed:366Estimated Dollar Loss:$6 billion to $7 billionAftershocks:More than 7,000

Acid Deposition

Acid Deposition Introduction Nearly every element of within the periodic table has found its way into the atmosphere. As an ease when studying the element and there species composition of compounds in the atmosphere, Seinsfield and Pandis (21) suggest categorizing of the atmospheric compounds as containing halogens, sulfur, carbon or nitrogen.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Acid Deposition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Probably, this classification rides on the fact that emissions into the atmosphere breakdown from original compounds into component species before exiting the atmosphere in a cyclic phenomenon. Actually, the cyclic process of substances is contained in the biogeochemical cycle of elements. The scope of understanding the cyclic processes comprises atmospheric movement across Oceania, land terrains, biospheres, inter alia; chemical transitions (quantity and quality) of the substances and rates of circulatio n and transfer (Seinsfield and Pandis 21). The geographical paradigm gives this subject the spatial and temporal references, since the transportation aspect is a vector quantity that can be justified through a scalar quantity of time and direction. Mehta (124) explains that in 1852, Robert Angus Smith made-up the term acid rain. It was not until 1972, when the concept of acid rain became familiar in the western industrial world. The term referred to atmospheric acidity levels (at pH above 5.6) that surpass normal levels for rain, fog and smog. The precipitation (deposition) of these acidic concentrates impacted on ecosystems, antiquities and human health. Acid rain was traced back into the gradual Geo-biological processes within nature and accelerated volcanic emissions (Mehta 124). The problematic scope of acid deposition gained wider magnitude when it was realized that it evolved into a trans-boundary affair. It was revealed that there was mobility of precursor elements emitted fr om the industrial heartlands in Europe and North America.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Emissions containing precursors- sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen (referred to as NOX species) form the major bulk of acid rain. In order to effect solutions towards acid rain, a critical loads framework on emission cuts and ecosystem recovery was developed. Already, Europe has generated maps depicting critical loads. Driscoll, Lambert and Chen (28) note that in the US three forms of acid deposition have occurred. These are wet, dry and cloud or fog depositions. Through research, more than 200 sites have been monitored as experiencing wet deposition consisting of rain, snow, sleet and hail. Dry deposition consists of vapor, particles and gases. Some coastal areas and high altitudes have been exposed to dry and cloud deposition. Driscoll, Lambert and Chen (28) e xplain that the pattern of dry and cloud deposition widely varies spatially and temporally; thus, making it intricate to give consistent characteristics. Because dry and cloud deposition can accompany the other two deposition forms then researchers have resorted to bulk deposition measuring using open collector. Literature Review Tracking Acid Rain: The Case study of The Rust Belt, US Case Background The industrial heartlands of the US are located in the Rust Belt (Midwestern American). The Rust Belt extends into Canada within the Canadian Heartlands. EIR/LaRouche Youth Movement Economics Team (2006) describes the Rust Belt as covering Pennsylvania and New York (Western) this extends into Missouri. A quarter of the US populace resides within the industrial heartland. Mair et al. (361) indicate that heartland is at the center of a major transplant corridor for automobile manufacturers from the Asian and European world. These industrial plants were strategically located to give them a competitive advantage in production capacity and market supply. The interest of the Asian investors to set up automobile plants in the US was driven by the protectionist belief of cutting down their exports into America (Mair et al. 355).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Acid Deposition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mair et al (354) explains that the conceptual approach of the automobile plants was Just-in-Time to imply that the target was mass production to meet the demand within an area and the adjacent environs of America. Not only did the heartlands host automobile plants but also other electrical utilities and metal plants. While the metal plants are in the east; the automobile plants are in the west of the heartland. Heartlands greatly symbolize the economic capacity and industrial advancements achieved. Figure 1: Map of Heartland of North America Source: â€Å"The Industrial Heartland of North A merica† Lind (148) explains that long term rainfall data in the heartland area gave indications of acid rain. This has translated to heavy environmental damage. The extent of damage has contributed to a reduction in industrial development. This has translated into economic losses. In the far Northeast and outside the industrial heartland, the problem of acid rain continues to persist. Actually, about 33 percent of emissions causing acid rain in the down wind area (that is, far Northeast) traces back from the automobile sites in the Midwest (the source area). Lind (149) notes that economic factors have motivated the use of coal conversion and the combustion of sulfur containing coal. From an economic geography perspective, heartlands are tailored to receive raw inputs to facilitate industrial activities. Nevertheless, strategizing for the heartland location the risk regime and environmental impacts should be factored in. Lind (150) observes that effort to reach at a negotiated equitable solution between the source areas and the downwind areas have failed. Factors Contributing to Acid Rain Formation Acid rain has a set of preconditions that facilitate the formation process (Wang and Wang 2297). The concentration of the emitted precursor elements, compounds in rainfall, aerosols and their capacity to buffer and weather conditions are some of the contributory factors leading to acid formation.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Figure 2: Conceptual Framework to Acid Rain Formation Figure 3: Acid Rain Cycle Source: Downing, Ramankutty and Shah (14) Airborne pollution due to release of Sulfur dioxide and NOX species is the primary source of precursor elements leading to acid rain. Once in the atmosphere, these pollutants undergo a chemical interaction with atmospheric water and oxygen (Downing, Ramankutty and Shah 13). In the presence of other atmospheric chemicals, sulfur dioxide and NOX species end up forming sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Emissions can remain within the atmosphere longer and a drift to far places prior to deposition on the surface. Prevailing winds play an important role in drifting the pollutants. Deposition of acid rain takes many forms such as dew, snow, fog, so on (Downing, Ramankutty and Shah 13). Use of fossil fuel, sulfur containing coal and biomass combustion is the common sources of acid rain precursor elements. Adverse effects of acid deposition include loss of forest cover th rough complex interactions, destruction of aquatic life and their ecosystems, loss of aesthetic value for monuments and cultural resources and human respiratory health risks Downing, Ramankutty and Shah 14). Emissions are released from large point sources like combustion plants were thought to have a localized impact. Increased concerns based on this premise led to the building of new facilities that have longer smokestacks, tailored to disperse the emission over a wider area. Large scale dispersion and distribution of acidification may be a regional concern. Acid Rain and Emission Cuts Milestone In the United States, the proportional release by factory processes, electric utilities and combustions are two-thirds, 15 percent and 9 percent, respectively (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 27). Moreover, automobiles account for over half of human related sources of nitrogen oxides. Electric utilities and combustion processes account for 22 percent and 14 percent of NOX emissions, respectively . In 2002, more than 50 percent of precursor elements release occurred in seven states within the Ohio River Valley (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 29). Five of these states dominate in the release of nitrogen oxides. The decline of air quality forms an indicator of adverse impacts of release of precursor elements. In 1973, the level of emission in the United States had highs of over 29 million metric tons, yearly. Within a period of twenty years since 1950 there has been a decline of over a half of sulfur dioxide due to the Amendments of the Clean Air Act (CAAA). In 2002, the emission levels were 13.9 million metric tons. In 1990, NOX species emissions had the highest toll at 22.7 million metric tons. In the following decade, emissions declined by 12 percent. NOX emission targets were set to decrease by almost 2 million tons within the specifics of the 1990 CAAA (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 27). Moreover, there are state initiatives meant to augment emission cuts locally (Driscoll, Lamb ert and Chen 230). There have been international efforts towards emission cuts. The first treaty meant for emissions cut came into place in 1985. The treaty was knowns as the Protocol on the Reduction of Sulfur Emissions. The emission cuts were set at 30 percent by 1993 vis-a-vis the 1980 levels (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 30). Further treaties set the cuts at 80 percent with reference to 1980 levels. Further treaties on emission cuts in the decade beginning in 1990; have led to declines of sulfur dioxide and NOX species at two-thirds and a third, respectively (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 30). The LRTAP Protocol of 1999 introduced the concept of critical loads that led to the development of critical load maps within the European context. Analysis Figure 4: 1.0 Trends in Emission of Acid Rain Source: National Science and Technology Council (18) Figure 5: Trends in the Deposition of Acid Rain Source: Likens (19) Hubbard Brook Experimental Station The United States Department of Agric ulture Forest Service established the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest as a long-term research station on ecological studies. The research site is found in the White Mountains in New Hampshire. Research interests in the station were composition and profile of the forest, disturbance reflex and aquatic ecosystems. Hubbard Brook gained prominence across North America as the first to experience acidic deposition. Effects of acid deposition at Hubbard Brook reflect a forest ecosystem sensitive to acid inputs (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 32). Over time, experimental activities and measurements regarding acid deposition and the aftermath on the ecosystem have been the dominant focal at the Hubbard Brook. The lowering of sulfate concentration in rainfall has correlated with the rise in pH. Hubbard Brook has a long term inventory on precipitation chemistry. Over time precipitation records include bulk deposition date back to mid-1960s and wet deposition at the latter years of the 1970s (Dri scoll, Lambert and Chen 32). Conclusion made from the findings showed greater association between pollutant release levels of the precursor and the sulfur based acid deposition at the Hubbard Brook. It is thought that emission cuts at the source area would reflect linearly declines in sulfate deposition. The eastern United States has provided a clear indication of the association between emission of precursor elements and the wet deposition. Over time in the period between 1984 -1986 to 2002-2004 high sulfate depositions has declined significantly in the eastern United States (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 33). The scenario of acid deposition reduction experience reflects the emission cuts targets entrenched in the 1990 CAAA. Levels of nitrate or ammonium deposition have varied marginally at the forest station since 1963. Bulk deposition at down wind areas at Hubbard Brook has shown a direct association with the source area’s nitrogen oxide emission (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 3 4). Nevertheless, the association is feeble compared to sulfate. Inventories of nitrate emissions and the bulk deposition at the Hubbard Brook have had minimal change since experiments began in 1963. The results of measurement generated at the Hubbard brook have reflected results obtained elsewhere in the eastern United States (Driscoll, Lambert and Chen 34). Figure 6: Distribution Pattern for Sulfur Dioxide Emissions (in 1996) Source: The Adirondack Council (13) Figure 7: Distribution Pattern for Nitrogen Oxide Emissions (in 1996) Source: The Adirondack Council (13) Approaches to Acid Rain Abatement The Act on Clean Air gave the preference to market approaches towards sulfur dioxide emission cuts. Industrial plants were supposed to adopt and obtain allowances from the emission cuts programs. The market approach provides plants experiencing high emission scales opportunity to purchase sulfur dioxide credits from their counterparts whose emission costs are marginally lower. This ap proach has cost savings implications. In contrast, use of the command-control approach proposed through environmental regulations may not amount to the same. Moreover, there are econometric functions within the market approach intended to measure the performance of sulfur dioxide allowance. Assessing the level of cost (whether rising or falling) provides the indicator on performance emission cuts. On these bases, those plants that volunteer to use low-sulfur coal as an emissions-cut strategy, then the overhaul of the technology and decline in prices of sulfur containing coal have demonstrated the reduction in the marginal reduction of costs by more than half since 1985. This forms the main bases for reducing cost other than trading. The strength of allowance approach is the cost savings of up to US$ 800 million annually. The command and control approach relies on public awareness and the establishing of an obligatory flat rate of emissions. While it is imperative to consider the gai ns made by the market approach vis-a-vis the command-control; there is need not to lose sight of the overall necessity is not commercializing the whole affair but sustaining the health of the ambient atmosphere. The doubling of the two approaches to emission cuts may lead more effective results other than taunting of one. Arguably, market approach may be the only acceptable within a particular jurisdictional area. The fact that emissions and depositions drift from the source areas makes the sense that command control approach is more applicable for trans-boundary settlements on emission cuts. Conclusion There are categories provided for atmospheric compounds. Sulfur and nitrogen species are among the four categories. Emissions have led to cyclic atmospheric processes for nitrogen and sulfur pollutants. This has been described in the biogeochemical cycle. The impact cyclic processes have traversed terrains and water masses. This means acid rain has a spatial and temporal perspective to it. Acid rain was first conceived by an English Chemist, but the concept earned popularity after twenty years. This implies that the adverse impacts of acid deposition were not immediately perceivable thus the quality of the ambient environment is relative to placement and time. Acid rain has shown the ability to replicate the problem as well as traverse the space. Nevertheless, this property of the acid rain and its precursors makes it difficult to particulaandr opt for one of the emission cut strategy (market or command-control approaches). This is evident in the failure to reach at an amicable solution towards emission from the mid-eastern of North America source area and downwind in the Far East of the country. Based on the study argument most of the effort present alternative solutions towards reducing the amount of sulfur dioxide emitted to the air rather than absolute zero emissions. The market approach considered as a preferable fails to campaign directly for zero emissio n of precursors but rather lower. Anecdotally, with the increasing establishment of more industrial plants the intensity of release may be low but the number sources increases translate to escalation of emission of precursors. The role of the Hubbard Brook experimental outcomes is a clear indication that acid rain has a biogeochemical cycle. This puts the source and the downwind as important players towards providing solutions towards the acid rain phenomenon. Actually, the drifting of acid deposition indicates that a porous solution towards an environmental problem can lead transferred to a second party. Providing longer smokestacks for releasing smoke implies that the environment at the troposphere is constantly mobile and that the atmosphere is constantly circulating and exchanging matter across the space. In other words, the solutions towards the acid rain may not be transferring the emissions into the outer space but getting robust strategies to avoid the release of precursors at the source points. Solutions to the problem begin with the technologies applied in utilizing raw resources. In addition, industry players should be prepared to embrace technology transfer for the common good. The market approach demonstrates that players in the same industry can participate in distributing and sharing an environmental problem resulting in significant reduction of emissions. In the same vain technologies that prove workable towards lowering emissions can be shared as a way of corporate social responsibility, particularly in mitigating problems arising from emission release. The market approach demonstrates that solutions to most environmental problems are best tackled through integrated approaches than independent players taking individual actions. It is evident that corporate leaders have dominated in the technology front and have the capacity to institute emissions cuts with ease compared to small scale players. Thus, certain calls for emission cuts may not have an equal impact within the same industry. The Adirondack Council 1998, Acid Rain: A Continuing National Tragedy. PDF file. 10 Dec. 2012. https://www.adirondackcouncil.org/vs-uploads/docs/1354059160_acrapub.pdf. Downing, Robert, Ramesh Ramankutty and Jitendra Shah. RAINS-ASIA: An Assessment Model for Acid Deposition in Asia, Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 1997. Web. Driscoll, Charles, Kathy Lambert and Limin Chen. â€Å"Acidic Deposition: Sources and Ecological Effects.† Acid in the Environment: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects. Ed. G. Visgilio D. Whitelaw. USA: Springer, 2007. 27-58. Web. EIR/LaRouche Youth Movement Economics Team 2006, Retool Auto To Save U.S. Industrial Heartland. PDF file. 10 Dec. 2012. https://larouchepub.com/eiw/public/2006/eirv33n16-20060421/eirv33n16-20060421_024-economic_geography_retool_auto_t.pdf. Likens, E. 1994, Human-Accelerated Environmental Change – An Ecologist’s View. PDF file. 10 Dec. 2012. https://www.murdoch.edu.au/ . Lind, Douglas 1981. Umbrella Equities: Use of the Federal Common Law of Nuisance to Catch the Fall of Acid Rain. PDF file. Web. Mair, Andrew, Richardd Florida and Martin Kenney. â€Å"The New Geography of Automobiles Production: Japanese Transplants in North America.† Economic Geography. 64.4 (1988): 352-373. JSTOR. Web. Mehta, Prashant. â€Å"Science behind Acid Rain: Analysis of Its Impacts and Advantages on Life and Heritage Structures.† South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage. 3 (2010): 123-132. South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage. Web. National Science and Technology Council 2005, National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An Intergrated Assessment. PDF file. 10 Dec. 2012. https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/aqrsd/reports/napapreport05.pdf. Seinsfield, John and Spyros Pandis. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, USA: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Web. â€Å"The Industrial Heartland of North America† n.d. JPEG file. 10 Dec. 2012 https://theelectoralmap.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/04-14-rust-belt2.jpg. Wang, Wenxing and Tao Wang. â€Å"On The Origin And The Trend Of Acid Precipitation In China.† Water, Air and Soil Pollution. 85 (1995): 2295-2300. Springer. Web.

THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES POSED BY SOCIAL MEDIA FOR DESTINATION Research Paper

THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES POSED BY SOCIAL MEDIA FOR DESTINATION MARKETING - Research Paper Example This new and renewed focus on the tourism therefore also requires a new and fresh approach for tourism destination marketing as an essential and critical component of the overall process. This has also required the marketers to take a very strategic approach towards the destination marketing and design and develop their strategies in such a manner which can optimize the use of the resource. Social media has recently emerged as one of the key trends in the information technology market wherein connecting people through web has become a new norm. Social media however, also presented an opportunity for marketing by using the social networking websites such as Facebook and Twitter. This paper will present a review of how the social media can actually have an impact on the destination marketing, what challenges and opportunities it presents and how marketers can actually take advantage of this new and emerging trend in the market. Destination Marketing Destination marketing is a relativel y new and unique concept outlining as to how the destination marketers can actually take a more robust and strategic view of the destination marketing and use it for strategic purposes. This view is considered as in-line with the mainstream marketing which is managed as a strategic business planning tool to achieve the overall business objectives. Destination marketing therefore is also viewed as a market oriented strategic approach to develop the locations in such a manner that they take into consideration the overall interests of the customers while at the same time balancing the requirements and interests of other stakeholder groups in the community also. (Blumberg, 2005) This approach to destination marketing therefore views this as a very conscious and thoughtful process which requires a commitment of time and resources to develop and build the locations in such a manner that they can reflect the overall market sentiments. What is however, different for the destination marketer s is their inability to control the product because of the overall nature of the product they are marketing. This therefore also offers them an insight into how to tap the target market in order to ensure that the location attracts the people who are willing to visit it and spend there. This change or shift from the traditional marketing concepts where more focus is being given on the product, destination marketers will have to face a dual challenge of balancing the act between the product and the target market for the product. The focus on the target market is also based on the assumption that different individuals prefer different locations due to different reasons. In order to tap into the different niches which the differences in the choices of the consumers can offer therefore require an strong focus on the target market and how it behave and react to different changes taking place in the marketing. Since in destination marketing, marketers often do not control the product dire ctly therefore this leaves a little room for them to actually modify or change the product but rather use its existing attributes to attract the target market. As such marketers therefore often tend to create a kind of experience which can develop the customer satisfaction and can generate the repeat customers. This is because of the fact that the destinations offer different and unique experiences and each one have their own strengths and